Chemical Waste Product

Ferrovanadium (FeV) is an alloy formed by combining iron and vanadium with a vanadium content range of 50–80%. The production of this alloy results in a grayish silver crystalline solid that can be crushed into a powder called “ferrovanadium dust”. Ferrovanadium is a universal hardener, strengthener and anti-corrosive additive for steels like high-strength low-alloy steel, tool steels, as well as other ferrous-based products. It has significant advantages over both iron and vanadium individually. Ferrovanadium is used as an additive to improve the qualities of ferrous alloys. One such use is to improve corrosion resistance to alkaline reagents as well as sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. It is also used to improve the tensile strength to weight ratio of the material. One application of such steels is in the chemical processing industry for high pressure high throughput fluid handling systems dealing with industrial scale sulfuric acid production.

A  ferronickel-molybdenum alloy – FeNiMoly is produced along with the continuous production of ferrovanadium and provides a cost savings to customers through its replacement of virgin nickel and molybdenum products. FeNiMoly is available in ingots which are used to produce NiMo stainless steelMolybdenum with nickel is more effective in increasing the core hardness than molybdenum without nickel. Molybdenum and nickel both reduce the toughness of the core the steels. Nickel is more detrimental to toughness than molybdenum.

Catalysts are used in various industrial processes, particularly in the petrochemical, chemical, and refining sectors. Over time, these catalysts become deactivated or reach the end of their lifecycle. Rather than disposing them as waste, recycling offers a more sustainable approach.

Spent catalyst recycling involves the recovery and extraction of valuable metals and other components from these deactivated catalysts for reuse in new catalyst production or other applications.

Technologies convert spent catalyst and other vanadium containing residues into ferrovanadium, high purity vanadium pentoxide, and nickel and molybdenum products.

This provides refiners a sustainable, circular solution, by replacing hazardous waste disposal with recycling/reuse, significantly reducing pollution and CO2 emissions, and turning waste into value.

Typical refining catalysts, such as hydrotreating and hydrodesulfurization catalysts, contain from 3% to 20% Molybdenum. These refining catalysts are classified as hazardous waste reclaimed, along with some of the other contained metals such as Nickel, Vanadium, and Cobalt.

There are additional forms of molybdenum catalyst that contain from 20% to 52% Mo (as well as, in some cases, Cobalt, Bismuth, Tungsten, Nickel, Vanadium, etc.) All of these catalysts are recyclable along with molybdenum catalyst varying compositions.

Aluminium oxide (or aluminium (III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al₂O₃. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, or alundum in various forms and applications. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al₂O₃ as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire. Al₂O₃ is significant in its use to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.

Ore concentrate, dressed ore or simply concentrate is the product generally produced by metal ore mines. The raw ore is usually ground finely in various comminution operations and gangue (waste) is removed, thus concentrating the metal component. The concentrate is then transported to various physical or chemical processes called hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy smelters, and electrometallurgy where it is used to produce useful metals.